Maintaining the Audiences Interest in Talking Heads :: Talking Heads Alan Bennet Essays

Maintaining the Audience's Interest in Talking Heads One character talking to a camera for half an hour, Do you call that drama? How does Alan Bennet try to maintain the audience’s interest in his Talking Heads? In A Lady of Letters, Patricia Routledge plays the part of Irene Ruddock, who is a very lonely woman that has an obsession with writing letters to everyone to complain about the smallest of things. She lives by herself, and has done since her mother died. A Lady of Letters is a drama because it includes different amounts of lighting at certain points of the video. Routledge also acts when she is speaking to the camera, for example she gets very upset at some points e.g. when she talks about when the police told her the little boy over the road had died of leukaemia. She also expresses herself well by her actions. At first Irene seems like a very highly classed woman, very respectable and knows what is wrong and right. She also appears to be a very respectable lady. We know this because in the video, it shows her having her tea and biscuits with a napkin. However, throughout the video, we see some changes to Irene; we see that she might not be as respectable as we first thought. One of these reasons is because when she goes to the doctors, she says â€Å"I said I was getting upset, like I did before†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This indicates that she may have been ill because of certain happenings which were probably to do with the letters which she writes. Shortly after this, she lets us know about when the vicar came around, talking to her about god. She then tells us about how she is an Atheist. We do not expect this because you would have thought someone as respectable as Irene would believe in God and go to church every Sunday morning. â€Å"They don’t expect you to be an atheist when you’re a miss†¦Ã¢â‚¬  This shows that because she told the Vicar that she was an atheist, he did not know what to say, because he like us expected her to believe in God and go to church like every other respectable lady like her. Next we hear about her visit from the Police, which is where we find out what she really is like. At first, the male police man talks about the different types of letters which she had wrote in the past, and then we find out that she has been told to keep the peace by the courts. At this point, we finally realise that she isn’t that

Burger King Expansion

1. By mid-2009, Burger King was not in any of the following five countries: France, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, and South Africa. Compare these countries as possible future locations for Burger King.These countries all have large populations but are not in close proximity to the BK headquarters in Miami. How well do these five countries identify with the Burger King brand? It is hard entering foreign markets where consumers are loyal to previously established brands. Is there even enough beef to go around? Burger King will have their work set out for them to be successful in these markets and many not have franchising opportunities to rely on.France: the concern with France is how much of the population actually consumes beef.India: Burger King may have recently ruined their chances for sending their business to India. There are no beef in the McDonalds located in India. Hindu does not eat beef and that is approximately 80% of the population. Burger King thought it was a good idea to p lace an ad of Lakshmi, the Indian goddess of wealth, about to eat one of the beef burgers, which are forbidden under Hindu religion. Why? Other than that bad business move Burger King is faced with re-inventing their menu.Nigeria- Restaurants like Tantilizers has had plenty of success in Nigeria and service similar food products to Burger King. Well, at least they sell hamburgers. Yet, it all depends on how well Burger King can re-invent meat pies and other popular Nigerian foods. I think Nigeria will be a much better location than that of France and India and it has less competition.Pakistan- McDonalds seems to found success in Pakistan and serves many beef products, chicken, and fish. Burger King can have similar success from a product/menu standpoint. However, will it be enough to compete with an already established fast food base who serves similar products and have a loyal consumer base. However, the market is big enough for an additional player because of the population.South Africa- South Africa willIf I was on the Burger King Management team then I would definitely try to enter into Nigeria, Pakistan, and South Africa. I do not think that France is the type of market that Burger King will do exceptional well but maybe average. India, I would not even look any further into trying to bring the BK brand.2. When entering another country, discuss the advantages and disadvantages that an international restaurant company, specifically Burger King, would have in comparison with a local company in that market.The advantages of Burger King entering into new markets are: The disadvantages of Burger King entering new markets are:3. About two-thirds of Burger King’s restaurants and revenues are in its Americas region (United States and Canada) and one-third elsewhere. Should this relationship change? If so, why and how?The relationship should not change. America is only 5 percent of the world population but consumes 25% of beef. However, Burger King could sw itch up their menu but I do not think that will bring success. The fish and chicken products do not produce enough variety in international markets in my opinion.4. The case mentions that Burger King prefers to enter countries with large numbers of youth and shopping centers. Why do you think these conditions would be advantageous?5. How has Burger King’s headquarters location influenced its international expansion? Has this location strengthened or weekend its global competitive position?The location has weakened Burger King international expansion. Almost three fourths of all Burger restaurants are either in the United States or Latin  America. Latin America because of its convenience makes up 25 percent of global operations. However, because of the small populated countries only 1/8 of the revenue comes from the same 25 percent of the international restaurants. The wealthy European countries are not6. Evaluate Burger King’s strategy of using the Brazilian experien ce to guide its entries into Russia.http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/asia/india/5786561/Burger-King-apology-to-Hindus-for-advert.htmlhttp://www.ran.org/fileadmin/materials/education/factsheets/fs_beef.pdf

Barings Bank - 1275 Words

1. What was the case about? (Summary of the Case) The case was about how one man single-handedly brought down one of the world’s most historic banks. The man was Nick Leeson and it happened from 1992 to 1995. He did it while holding the position of general manager to Barings Securities in Singapore. As general manager he oversaw both trading and back office needs, something uncommon in the industry due to the fact that it eliminated necessary checks and balances that would prevent such fraud from occurring. He had authority to deal in futures and options order for clients or other firms within Barings and arbitraging price differences between Nikkei futures traded on the SIMEX and Osaka exchange, it was a low risk strategy meant to†¦show more content†¦5. How did the case come to the attention of the media? The case came to the attention of the media when Barings bank executives discovered Leeson’s trading activity and informed the Bank of England that they would not be able to meet SIMEX’s margin call, therefore declaring them bankrupt. Leeson had fled Singapore to Malaysia with his wife in an attempt to make it to London. They where arrested in Frankfurt. 6. What was the outcome of the case? Barings Bank collapsed because it was unable to meet SIMEX’s margin call. The bank of England was unable to save it due to the weariness of investors, they believed it was a black box and there wasn’t enough time to account for all the losses. On March 3rd, 1995 it was bought by ING for  £1 and took on all of its liabilities. Nick leeson and his wife where arrested the same day in Frankfurt, Germany trying to arrive to England to avoid extradition to Singapore. He went on trial in Singapore and was found guilty of fraud; he was sentenced to serve six and a half years. While in prison he contracted cancer, survived and wrote and autobiographical book called â€Å"Rogue Trader†. 7. How could this case been avoided? The situation could have been avoided if Barings would have had the appropriate checks and balances required to prevent fraud. In Leeson’s own words I completely recognize my fault in what happened, but it was clear Barings were incompetent, and their lack of oversight was appalling – allShow MoreRelatedAn Overview Of Barings Bank1066 Words   |  5 Pages âž ¢ Overview of Barings Bank Barings Bank was founded in 1763 and known as the oldest merchant bank in London until its collapse in 1995. The bank not only accepted deposits and provided financial services to its clients but also traded on its own account. Over the years it became quite successful and in 1980 it set up brokerage operations in Japan. Soon after, it expanded its operations to include a handful of other Asian countries and in 1992 it activated its seat on the SIMEX (Singapore InternationalRead MoreThe Collapse of Barings Bank1039 Words   |  5 PagesThis story begins with a former back office clerk being promoted to a derivatives trader for Barings Banks Singapore Branch and ends with the collapse of a 232-year old banking empire. As we began researching this assignment, we all asked the same question, How does a 28 year old trader bring about the collapse of a 232-year old banking empire? To understand how this debacle came about, one must have a basic understanding of the nature of a derivative and what they are designed to do. InitiallyRead MoreNick Leeson Barings Bank5242 Words   |  21 PagesCommodities Trading: Nick Leeson, Internal Controls and the Collapse of Barings Bank __________________________________________________________________________________________ Commodities Trading: Nick Leeson, Internal Controls and the Collapse of Barings Bank By Sam Bhugaloo Page 1 of 21 Commodities Trading: Nick Leeson, Internal Controls and the Collapse of Barings Bank __________________________________________________________________________________________ Table of Content Read MoreRogue Trader1525 Words   |  7 Pagesas it portrayed the character of a rogue trader in Baring Bank named Nicholas Leeson. The career path of Leeson followed an upwardly moving curve from his job of back office trading settlement to a highly acclaimed trader earning huge bonuses. Moreover because of the high popularity of Leeson, the Bank allowed him to make his own trade settlement, which is highly unauthorized and risky in terms that the risk limit of loss is violated and the bank, has to pay margin money on a continuous basis to makeRead MoreRogue Trader Essay758 Words   |  4 PagesA Short Essay of Rogue Trader In the movie Rogue Trader, Nick Leeson, a trader on behalf of the Barings Bank of England, made a series of financial fraud to cover the loss he incurred in trading—up to  £800 million—in the Singapore International Monetary Exchange which ultimately led to the fall of Barings Bank. This tragedy was a mixed result of the personal greed and the lack of control in Barings Bank’s system. Most of the COSO internal control frameworks were violated with the â€Å"Control Environment†Read MoreMr. Nicholas Leeson Case1963 Words   |  8 PagesMonetary Exchange. He was working for Barings Futures Singapore, a recently settled subsidiary of the oldest merchant bank of England, put in charge of operations with responsibilities for the front and the back office (Jacque, 2010, p. 147). Leeson wasn’t new to performing clerical tasks, indeed he had been working in 1987 in the back office of Morgan Stanley and specialised in the settlement of futures and options. After two years he moved to Barings Bank, where he was involved in September 1991Read MoreRogue Trader664 Words   |  3 Pagesselection of 2 components of the COSO framework that were most violated in the rogue trader movie In Rogue Trader movie Nick Leeson makes unauthorized trades and covers up losses which are sufficient to bankrupt Barings bank. While management thinks that Nick brings large profits to the bank, Nick hides losses under fake error account which people think belongs to a customer. Leeson is able to cover up his losses because banks management allows him to run both the trading floor and the back officeRead MoreRogue Trader Character Analysis1008 Words   |  5 Pagesup-and-coming Singapore stock market. Leeson had proven to be an effective and efficient worker when he was tasked to get bear bonds sorted on his first solo tasking with Barings Bank in Jakarta. That successful completion got him put in the Singapore position because they needed someone there, and he seemed to have the potential to make Barings a considerable profit. Control Environment The internal control environment in Rogue Trader lacked internal controls. Nick Leeson could create accounts, manage moneyRead MoreFin 4443343 Words   |  14 PagesBarings Bank and Nick Leeson Introduction I would like to present the case of Barings Bank, one of the most famous histories in the world when one man led to the bankruptcy the oldest British bank. Barings collapsed on February 26, 1995, due to the activities of one trader, Nick Leeson, who lost almost $1.4 billion. The loss was caused by a large exposure to the Japanese stock market, which was achieved through the futures market. Leeson, the chief trader for Barings Futures in Singapore, had beenRead MoreRogue Trader Coco Assignment2519 Words   |  11 Pagesare on the audit team for one of the leading banks in the U.S. You couldn’t sleep because of the traffic noise last night, so you stayed up far too late reading the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations’ (COSO) Internal Control-Integrated Framework and tried to figure out how it relates to your first real audit. â€Å"Please sit down,† Ms. Rise continues. â€Å"How has your first month here been? Are you enjoying your first auditing assignment at such a large bank?† â€Å"Oh, Ms. Rise, I love it here and I am

Main Reasons Of Homelessness - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 486 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/03/26 Category Society Essay Level High school Tags: Homelessness Essay Did you like this example? There are many reasons individuals and families find themselves without a home. The family or individual may have experienced the loss of a job, an accident, an expensive health diagnosis, or many other unfortunate life events could have caused the loss of a home and stability. This has been a long-standing public issue that needs adjustments in funding and resources. According to Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, shelter and security are considered basic needs, second only to food, water, and warmth. If a person is to evolve and grow to be a productive member of society, he or she needs food, water, rest, and security. Without the comfort of knowing there will be food on the table for every meal and a place to rest at night, people are unable to fully function to their best ability. This has a major impact on who these people are able to be in society. Without basic needs met, people are unable to act as volunteers for other causes, to take care of their children, to look presentable for a job, and the list continues. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Main Reasons Of Homelessness" essay for you Create order Some people are able to pull themselves and their families out of homelessness. This could be achieved through hard work and effort, by luck, or a combination of hard work and luck. When people are absolutely unable to help themselves because of financial, health, or other reasons, that is when the community should be able to offer a helping hand. Humans are naturally social creatures. Contrary to popular current beliefs, we will all need assistance from others in our lives at some point. Some people may only need a friend to listen to their issues, some may need assistance in finding a new job when they have been laid off, and others yet may need financial help because of a crisis. Regardless of what needs a person will have throughout there life, it is important that there are available resources to be utilized in times of crisis. Not only is falling into homelessness stressful and a strike to one’s ego, it is also incredibly expensive to work out of it. In order to rent or buy a living space, a down payment or security deposit is often required. This amount of savings is usually unattainable for those struggling with homelessness. The money that is earned is used for food and temporary housing, making it incredibly difficult to build a savings account. This is assuming nobody involved is suffering from a substance abuse disorder. It is often thought that homeless people are all suffering from a drug addiction or alcohol addiction. This is an unfair and critical view that shrouds the actual cause of homelessness. Substance and alcohol abuse can be the cause of homelessness but often happens after homelessness occurs. Regardless of how and when drug and alcohol dependence occurs, it should always be viewed as a mental illness and treated as such.

The Rights Of Assisted Suicide - 1829 Words

The â€Å"right-to-die† has been controversial for a long time and is continuously in debate. Some of the arguments in favor of laws allowing individuals to choose include - Anyone coming into hospital in an emergency has the option of a DNR (do not resuscitate). People who go into comas may leave living wills instructing doctors not to use any extreme life-saving measures (this includes feeding tubes). Perhaps dying with dignity is controversial b/c it seems like a more conscious choice. People can predetermine that they don’t want to live life as vegetables†¦but the general public has a hard time reconciling people who are still walking and talking making decisions to die. Why? Because they look healthy? Because they ‘appear’ to have life left in them? That is exactly what is being contested. In 1997, Compassion in Dying, along with other individuals, protested Washington State’s ban on assisted suicide as referenced in the 1979 Natural Death Act. That act states – â€Å"lifesaving measures must be administered† and by withholding, or withdrawal of life sustaining treatment at a patient s direction shall not, for any purpose, constitute a suicide† (Wash. Rev. Code  §70.122.070(1). The District Court initially ruled in favor of those opposed to the ban, but that decision was reversed on appeal. This case was then argued to the Supreme Court. Ultimately, the question was whether, or not, the rights of a competent individual to commit suicide with another person’s assistance, isShow MoreRelatedThe Rights Of Assisted Suicide966 Words   |  4 PagesDying Your Way: The Right to Choose Assisted Suicide Introduction Death has a finality to it that gives even the most cynical person a reason to pause. The possibility of death is always present, the elephant in the room. Prior to the twentieth century, before the leaps and bounds of modern medical care, people worried about the possibility of dying more often. Childhood diseases could strike and take a beloved child away at any moment, affecting two or more homes in the same community. Today childrenRead MoreThe Right Of Assisted Suicide Essay1615 Words   |  7 PagesThe right to assisted suicide is a huge topic that worries humans all around the usa. The debates go from side to side approximately whether or not a death patient has the proper to die with the assistance of a physician. some are in opposition to it due to religious and ethical motives. Others are for it because of their compassion and respect for the dying. Physicians are also divided on the issue. They differ where they area the line that separates alleviation from death--and k illing. for manyRead MoreThe Rights Of Assisted Suicide Essay1584 Words   |  7 PagesThe Right To Die With Dignity Assisted suicide is the act of committing suicide with the help of another person or doctor, most commonly referred to as Physician Assisted Suicide. It is currently legal in Oregon, Washington, Vermont, Montana, California, and Colorado. Considering the increase of people dying from terminal illnesses, assisted suicide should be legalized across the nation. People that suffer from a terminal illness that can’t be cured or treated and will result in death have the rightRead MoreThe Right to Assisted Suicide1548 Words   |  6 Pagescontemplate your options for living out the rest of your life. You wonder if you will be able to cope with losing yourself, your independence, your identity, your dignity. But what choice do you have? Euthanasia, also referred to as assisted suicide or physician assisted suicide or more commonly known as mercy killing is defined by Merriam-Webster dictionary as the act or practice of killing hopelessly sick or injured individuals (as persons or domestic animals) in a relatively painless way for reasonsRead MoreAssisted Suicide : Rights And Responsibilities1570 Words   |  7 PagesAssisted Suicide: Rights and Responsibilities A woman suffering from cancer became the first person known to die under the law on physician-assisted suicide in the state of Oregon when she took a lethal dose of drugs in March, 1998. The Oregon Death with Dignity Act passed a referendum in November, 1997, and it has been the United States only law legalizing assisted suicide since then. According to the New England Journal of Medicine, more than 4,000 doctors have approved of the assisted suicideRead MoreThe Rights Of Physician Assisted Suicide1347 Words   |  6 PagesThe Right to Die By: Antony Makhlouf Antony Makhlouf PHR 102-006 Contemporary Moral Issues Final Paper The Right to Die Physician-assisted suicide, also known as euthanasia, has been a hot topic as of late. If you do not know what this is, physician-assisted suicide is the taking of ones life. This usually occurs when a patient is in a irreversible state, and must live through a tube. With multiple cases occurring in the past, current and the more to occur the in the future, this looksRead MoreThe Right to Assisted Suicide Essay937 Words   |  4 Pagesrespect your elder’s wishes? It is a cruel reality we live in when ability to choose the time of our demise, especially for terminal patients, is not seen as a personal right to be acted upon, but to be shunned as a taboo. This is why assisted-suicide, the contraction of a third-party to provide the materials necessary to commit suicide, should be legalized; it would allow both terminal and permanently disabled patients an escape from the mental, emotional, physical pain of useless treatments, andRead MoreAssisted Suicide : Right Or Wrong?880 Words   |  4 PagesHillard 01/14/15 Nursing Roles I Professor Rodgers Assisted Suicide: Right or Wrong? The article I selected is called Assisted Suicide: Right or Wrong? By: Claire Andre and Manuel Velasquez. This article talked about a researcher named Matthew Donnely. For over 30 years Matthew conducted research on x-rays. Matthew was diagnosed with a terminal skin cancer. During his battle with cancer he had lost his nose, his left hand, two fingers on his right hand and part of his jaw (Andre Velasquez). Matthew’sRead MoreThe Right to Die in Assisted Suicide2517 Words   |  11 PagesInitial Thoughts on Physician Assisted Suicide (February 28th, 2013) The promotion of physician assisted suicide has sparked a debate throughout the world. From my point of view, assisted suicide is doctors assist patients who could not endure the pain of diseases and are voluntarily given lethal amount of substances resulting in death. However, physician assisted suicide might be considered to be deviant in many countries currently due to the religions, laws and the negative image. AlsoRead MoreEssay The Right to Assisted Suicide2100 Words   |  9 PagesThe Right to Assisted Suicide    Recently, a terminally ill British woman lost a high-profile court battle to take her own life in a test case of whether Britain will permit assisted suicide.   Wheelchair-bound Diane Pretty, a 43-year-old mother of two, has waged a lengthy legal fight to allow her husband to kill her without being prosecuted. Pretty, who contracted motor neuron disease two years ago, which is a muscle-wasting disease, lost her bid to have an assisted suicide.   She has had

Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure Free Essays

string(370) " next door to it, and saying holy things in disreputable quarters – repeating in idle bravado words which ought never to be uttered but reverently! Oh, do anything with me, Sue – kill me – I don’t care! Only don’t hate me and despise me like all the rest of the world! ‘† Jude is comforted only by the idea of becoming a clergyman\." The novel Jude the Obscure, by Thomas Hardy, was first published unabridged in 1896. It narrates the doomed existence of the protagonist, Jude, from the moment he is still a boy at Marygreen and is inspired by a rural schoolmaster to think of a university education, to the moment in which he dies, alone and unattended. It tells the story of a man whose dreams and ambitions are gradually destroyed, and end up being shattered. We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure or any similar topic only for you Order Now Jude lives an enternal cyclical movement, in which he never gets any closer to whaever he is looking for, due to forces which seem to be operating against him all the time.In this essay, I will conduct an analysis of these social forces, in order to show that Hardy did create a realistic depiction of ninteenth century British society. According to Brooks [1], a realistic depiction is similar to the vision we have if go up a high tower and remove the housetops of the houses, to show what is really happening in the rooms exposed. It is a duty of the realistic writer, to dismantle appearances and not to reproduce the facade, and â€Å"to give us not only the world viewed, as well as the world comprehended . Hardy shows us that Jude is making choices at a certain level, referring to his personal life, but there are social and economic forces which operate on him so he does not take decisions, once these circumstances limit his choices. Early on in the novel, we see Jude struggling against the circumstances. The village of Marygreen is set in opposition to the university town of Christminster. The young Jude sees Christminster as an enlightened place of learning, relating it to his dreams of higher education and his vague notions of academic success.Yet while Jude lives quite close to Christminster and knows a man who is going to live there, the city is always only a distant vision in his mind. It is nearly within his reach but at the same time unattainable. This physical distance is a metaphor for the abstract distance between the impoverished Jude and the privileged Christminster students. For the first time in the novel we see Jude heading towards a destination, and being unable to reach it. At the start of the novel, Jude is portrayed as a determined and innocent young man who aspires to things greater than his background allows.He resists succumbing to the discouragement of those around him and does not fear the gap he is creating between himself and the other people of his village. He is seen as eccentric and perhaps impertinent, and his aspirations are dismissed as unrealistic. These circumstances might have led him to marry Arabella. All through his young adult life, he avoids going to Christminster. He appears to be afraid of the failure he might encounter there. In Arabella, he sees something attainable and instantly gratifying, as opposed to the university life, of which he fears he may never become a part.In this way Jude tries to avoid disappointment, but finds that he cannot live within the confines of an unhappy marriage. The freedom he receives after Arabella leaves is only partially liberating: It lets him be independent in a physical sense, but because he is still married, it forbids him to achieve legitimate romantic happiness with someone else. Jude is attracted to Christminster because of Sue, who he seeks with a strange devotion, despite his aunt’s warning that he should stay away from he.Taken together with her warning that marriages in their family never end well and with the fact that they are cousins, Jude’s haste to find and fall in love with Sue creates a sense of foreboding about his fate. He finds that the Christminster colleges are not welcom ing toward self-educated men, and when he accepts that he may not be able to study at the university after all, he starts drinking. â€Å" He began to see that the town life was a book of humanity infinitely more palpitating, varied, and compendious than the gown life.These struggling men and women before him were the reality of Christminster, though they knew little of Christ or Minster. That was one of the humours of things. The floating population of students and teachers, who did know both in a way, were not Christminster in a local sense at all. † The narrator tells us how big the distance between his aspirations and his relaity is, since Jude works so hard that he can no longer dedicate himself to his studies at night: â€Å"So fatigued was he sometimes after his day’s work that he could not aintain the critical attention necessary for thorough application. He felt that he wanted a coach – a friend at his elbow to tell him in a moment what sometimes would occupy him a weary month in extracting from unanticipative, clumsy books. † The episode in the pub, in which he recites Latin to a group of workmen and undergraduates, shows the contrast between Jude’s intellect and his appearance. Christminster will not accept him because he belongs to the working class, yet he is intelligent and well-read through independent study, he is advised to remain in his own sphere.The realization that his learning will help him only to perform in pubs sits heavily with Jude, as we can tell from his reaction at the pub: â€Å"`You pack of fools! ‘ he cried. `Which one of you knows whether I have said it or no? It might have been the Ratcatcher’s Daughter in double Dutch for all that your besotted heads can tell! See what I have brought myself to – the crew I have come among! ‘† He looks for consolation with Sue and shows her what he considers to be his worst side†: â€Å"†¦ `I am so wicked, Sue – my heart is nearly broken, and I could not bear my life as it was!So I have been drinking, and blaspheming, or next door to it, and saying holy things in disreputable quarters – repeating in idle bravado words which ought never to be uttered but reverently! Oh, do anything with me, Sue – kill me – I don’t care! Only don’t hate me and despise me like all the rest of the world! ‘† Jude is comforted only by the idea of becoming a clergyman. You read "Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure" in category "Papers" Once again, he does have the ability to make a decision, but he only chooses to become a clergyman because his choices were limited by the conventions and prejudices of society. The moral implications of the friendship and romance between Jude and Sue emerge as an important issue. Jude’s doomed existence is also shaped by other people’s indecision. Sue shows herself to be both radical in her intellectual views and conservative in her social practices. She leaves the Training College because she discovers that its rules are intolerably strict, and she cannot conform to the rules of her establishment in Melchester either. She comes to see Jude as a protector, and reveals to be quite an impulsive character, and not to care much about Jude’s intense feelings for her and the implications of her actions: Suddenly, however, quite a passionate letter arrived from Sue. She was quite lonely and miserable, she told him. She hated the place she was in; it was worse than the ecclesiastical designer’s; worse than anywhere. She felt utterly friendless; could he come immediately? – though when he did come she would only be able to see him at limited times, the rules of the establishment she found herself in being strict to a degree. It was Mr. Phillotson who had advised her to come there, and she wished she had never listened to him. † †¦ Phillotson’s suit was not exactly prospering, evidently; and Jude felt unreasonably glad. He packed up his things and went to Melchester with a lighter heart than he had known for months. † When they meet, the narrator describes her as unhappy and changed, but not anxious and desperate as she was when she wrote the letter, since Jude is the only one overcome by emotion: â€Å"Though she had been here such a short while, she was not as he had seen her last. All her bounding manner was gone; her curves of motion had become subdued lines. The screens and subtleties of convention had likewise disappeared.Yet neither was she quite the woman who had written the letter that summoned him. That had plainly been dashed off in an impulse which second thoughts had somewhat regretted; thoughts that were possibly of his recent self-disgrace. Jude was quite overcome with emotion. † â€Å"†¦ she had altogether the air of a woman clipped and pruned by severe discipline, an under-brightness shining through from the depths which that discipline had not yet been able to reach. † Sue makes it clear that she doesn’t see Jude as a lover, and is annoyed by the fact that he is love with her.She goes back and forth in her protests, sometimes wanting to enter into a romantic relationship with Jude and sometimes believing it to be misguided. When he confesses that he is married, she accuses him of dishonesty, but there is a hint of disappointment in her tone because his marriage only adds a further obstruction to their possible romance. She marries Phillotson in this state of anger and frustration, and Jude feels that he cannot and should not dissuade her. By doing so, Sue hopes to protect her reputation and achieve the traditional lifestyle of a married woman.After Jude spends the night with Arabella, Sue tries to push him away again, then invites him to her home soon after. Sue does not know what she wants, but is slowly realizing that she finds Phillotson repulsive. She does not admit to loving Jude, but still turns to him to be her protector. She recognizes her own intellect and her potential for a satisfying career in teaching, and marries Phillotson partly out of a desire for a pleasant work environment. She resists a romantic relationship with Jude, but falls in love with him despite her misgivings.However, when it comes time to marry, she does not wish to enter into a legal contract in which she would again be confined and their financial difficulties push them into a wandering life. The uncertainty surrounding their status foreshadows difficulties to come, as there is a sense of illegitimacy lingering in their relationship. Society dispproves of it, and the children and Sue’s pregnancy only add to that. The tragic conclusion of the novel arises as the inevitable result of the difficulties faced by the two cousins.When Father Time kills himself and the other children, Sue is the one who cannot handle it and start regarding their relationship as sinful and the death of the children as punishment. She thinks the child of a legitimate union had punished the ones of an illegitimate one, as the result of her transgressions against the institution of marriage. She marries Philoston again in an act of hopelessness, almost masochistic behaviour, once she feels repulse for him and knows she will never love him. This action may be seen as an attempt to conform, but it is also a selfish act. Sue could have left Jude and lived on er own, kept struggling against conventions as a divorced woman.She finds a solution which is, at the same time emotionally torturing and financially comortable for her, while Jude remains lonely and poor, having had both his academic and his romantic aspirations destr oyed. Jude then enters a state of self mutilation and acceptance of the suffering. He goes back to Arabella, who once again represents the last and worse of his options, and an act of desistance. After Jude gets sick she imediatelly starts looking for another possible husband, and slowly reveals, throughout the novel, to be quite an animalistic character.She personifies the danger of a bad marriage, and is heartless to the point of being unable to sacrifice a boat race to be with him while he is dying or even to take care of his body after he dies. The Jude we see in the last chapter is a handicapped vesion of the young, ambitious one from the beginning of the novel. He is depicted as a man who is exhausted after having spent his life fighting against a strong opponent, represented by nineteenth century British society. It ended up mutilating him and left him with nothing, longing for his death. The lack of conflicts’ resolution and the sense of vagueness in Arabella’s suggestion about Sue’s miserable future reveal the modernity of the novel. Accroding to Schweik, Hardy successfully images life as first impulsive passion and confidence leading to disappointments, collapse of hopes, and death. [2] With its open ending, Jude the Obscure turns out to be a novel in which the relationship between form and content becomes the form itself.Bibliography: Brooks, Peter. Realist Vision. New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 2005. Hardy, Thomas. Jude The Obscure. Penguin Popular Classics, England,1994. Schweik, Robert C. â€Å"The Modernity of Hardy in Jude the Obscure†. In: A Spacious Vision: Essays on Hardy. Newmill, The Patten Press, 1994, p. 49-64. Stern, J. P. â€Å"On Realismâ€Å". In: Concepts of Literature. Routledge ; Kegan Paul, 1973. Watt, Ian. â€Å" Realism and the Novelâ€Å". In: Essays in Criticism II, p. 376-396, 1952. ———————– [1] Brooks, Peter. Realist Vision. New Haven and London, Yale University Press, 2005. [2] Schweik, Robert C. â€Å"The Modernity of Hardy in Jude the Obscure†. In: A Spacious Vision: Essays on Hardy. Newmill, The Patten Press, 1994, p. 49-64. How to cite Thomas Hardy’s Jude the Obscure, Papers

Dostoevsky Essay Example For Students

Dostoevsky Essay Thesis: Dostoevskys manic and depressive episodes aided in his ability toproperly illustrate the workings of the human mind, through his writing. Outline: I. Introduction II. What is Manic Depression and Depression? III. OtherWriters with Mental Illnesses IV. Dostoevskys Life V. Analysis ofNotes- VI. Conclusion Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoevsky, authorof several acclaimed books-including Notes From Underground-asemi-autobiographical story, introduced a new form of writing,stream-of-consciousness, to Russia and Europe. Soon, this form ofwriting that would become the mark of the Existentialist, spread to theAmericas. Interestingly enough, the stream-of-consciousness thatmanifested itself in his writing was actually the product of a mood disorder,which can be characterized by intensely emotional thoughts. Caught in a rift ofcontrasting thoughts, the Manic-Depressive-commonly endowed with superiorartistic abilities, can be very insightful to the ways of man. Manic-depressioncan clinically be defined as a mood disorder with two contrasting states: maniaand depression. There must be an occurrence of one or more Manic or Mixedepisodes a nd often, the individual has also had one or more Major Depressiveepisodes in the past. In Manic-Depressive disorder, also known as Bipolardisorder, the manic and depressive episodes recur in varying degrees ofintensity. The DSM-IV describes Manic and Depressive episodes as: Theessential feature is a distinct period when the predominant mood is eitherelevated, expansive or irritable, and when there are associated symptoms of themanic syndrome. These symptoms include hyperactivity, pressure of speech,flight of ideas, inflated self-esteem, decreased need for sleep,distractibility, and excessive involvement in activities that have a highpotential for painful consequences, which are not recognized. The manualdescribes depressive episodes as: The essential feature is either adysphoric mood, usually depression, or loss of interest or pleasure in mostusual activities and pass-times. This disturbance is prominent, relativelypersistent, and associated with other symptoms of the depressive sy ndrome.These symptoms include appetite disturbance, change in weight, sleepdisturbance, psychomotor agitation or retardation, decreased energy, feelings ofworthlessness or guilt, difficulty concentrating or thinking, and thoughts ofdeath or suicide, or suicidal attempts. Manic Depression is also due to abiochemical imbalance in the brain. These biochemical reactions include theincreasing and decreasing of intra- and extracellular sodium, chloride,and potassium (Beck 65). The inclining and declining of these functionssupport the contrasting manic and depressive moods. The spirit of geniusno free-floating, absolute power, but is strictly bound to the laws ofbiochemistry and the endocrine glands. This again credits the idea thatmanic-depression can stimulate artistry. Though it is difficult to proveManic-Depressive disorder among those who have passed away, the occurrence ofthis behavior and has been traced through letters written to friends and family,and personal accounts. Creative p eople, such as Keats, Woolf, and Dostoevsky,have been named among those who had this illness. Keatss notes and letters wereevidence of his violent mood swings; his surgery lecture notes, embellished withmany impromptu sketches in the margins were evidence of his wide-ranginginterests, and also of his mercurial nature. Woolf became violent and delusionalin her manic episodes, and when she was in a depressive state, she barely spokeor ate, and attempted suicide. Born in the hospital for the poor, Dostoevsky wasthe second of seven children. He led a happy and peaceful childhood where heheld particular warm feelings towards his family. It is not abnormal forone with the Manic-depressive syndrome to live a life of normalcy- thatis, of course, until an element of unpleasantry enters his life (Ostow82). His father, murdered by his own serfs, had a hot tempered andirritable state of mind. His mother, described as tender and sensitive with aliterary and musical talent, died when Fyodor was f ifteen-years-old. Aftergraduating from St. Petersburgs Academy of Military Engineers as lieutenant, hewas assigned to a military department. Dostoevsky worked there for one yearbefore he realized that working in a department gave him no satisfaction, andthat he wanted to write and work as an author. Later, he became acquainted withthe utopian socialist group, for which he seemed to have become strongman. Thisassociation got him four years in Siberian prison. After a four-year stay at theSiberian prison, he married a widow and later regained his rights as a nobleman. .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 , .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 .postImageUrl , .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 , .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45:hover , .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45:visited , .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45:active { border:0!important; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45:active , .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45 .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u155d174d05710b621c957789a9798b45:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nontraditional Tradtions Essay Periods of relative prosperity and happiness stopped abruptly Dostoevskys wifeand brother died. He was left alone with his brothers debts, and was resortedto gambling as a way out from economic difficulties. Except for the last tenyears, the Dostoevsky family suffered from economical difficulties caused bybrothers debts, an always-begging stepson and Fyodors gambling spree. Theyalso were extremely unlucky regarding their three children. Like Dostoevskyslife, his writing contained many avenues down which one could lose his- orherself. He begins his two-part Notes From Underground with a streamof ironies, a forewarning to the reader of what lies ahead. Seemingly unfocusedand ambiguous, it is possible to see through his writing, and detect hismanic-depression in his style. An obvious example of this is the terminalconfusion in his writing: I am a sick man I am a week man. Anunattractive man. I think my liver hurts. However, I dont know a fig about mysickness, and am not sure what it is that hurts me. I am not being treated andnever have been, though I respect medicine and doctors. Whats more, I am alsosuperstitious in the extreme; well, at least enough to respect medicine. (Imsufficiently educated not to be superstitious, but I am.) No, sir, I refuse tobe treated out of weakness. This terminal confusion is reminiscent ofhuman nature, and its never-ending cycle. Throughout calamity and affirmativeevents in human life, we, as human beings have the tendency to chase ourthoughts, analyzing and dissecting them. Like those in the depressive state,Dostoevsky, who wrote in the same tempo as his thought patterns, basicallyillustrated the way our thought processes work. As though in the midst ofconversation, Dostoevsky assumes the readers irritability, what preciselyam I? then I will answer you: I am one Collegiate assessor. He refersto himself as his post. Dostoevskys depressive episode comes into play. During a depressive episode, feelings of detachment may be exhibited bythe patient, as he may refer to himself in the third person or as an object (Ostow128). Likely, it is very much so like humans to refer to themselves aswhat they are capable of contributing to society. Detached and forlorn,depressives get lost in their own worlds. Frantically grasping for what is solidbefore them is, at times, the only thing that will keep them together. In thisexample, Dostoevsky referring to himself as his post is his way of affirming hishumanity. Dostoevsky was obviously very aware of his Manic-depressive disorder,He repeatedly points out that he is overly conscious, and that it ishis sickness and a real sickness. Like some manic-depressives-those being few innumber, he was somehow able to predict his mood changes and was able to make useof them accordingly. An example of a manic stream of consciousness is asfollows: To live beyond forty is indecent, banal, immoral! Who does beyondforty answer me sincerely, honestly? Ill tell you who does: fools andscoundrels do. Ill say it in the faces of the elders, all these venerableelders, all the silver-haired and sweet-smelling elders quotation marks! Illsay it in the whole worlds face! I have the right to speak this way, because Imyself live to be sixty. A live to be seventy! Ill live to beeighty!weights! Let me catch my breath Extremely energetic andfeisty, characteristic of a manic episode, Dostoevsky once again chases histail, and we see into the mind of a human being. We have a front row seat of hishyperactivity rise to the point of exhaustion. He begins with tuning forty, andgoes on to explain how aging beyond this would be indecent-a morbid thought. Wesee him quickly rise to the point of pure babble. Excessive speech is alsocharacteristic of the mania syndrome. Woolf was known to speak on end, night andday for three whole days, unceasingly (Jamison 56). Dostoevsky refers to himselfa normal human being one who is not overly conscious, as aninsect. There should be no shock that one would think so lowly of himself. .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c , .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c .postImageUrl , .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c , .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c:hover , .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c:visited , .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c:active { border:0!important; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c:active , .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ub41644c1042226865f3d1fb4f53b275c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Health and fitness EssayBehind the mask of the Underground Man, he examines his emotionalstamina, referring to himself as an insect, or a low species of the living (Murry3). According to Dostoevsky, not thinking and not being conscious, bothinternally and externally, is a luxury. In Notes From Underground,Dostoevsky takes on a guided tour of the functions of the mind. Debilitatingpsychological illnesses can be held accountable for one compulsivelyquestioning, and burdening themselves with existential thoughts. DostoevskysManic-depression gave him, ironically, this ability. BibliographyBurke, James. High Point, Low Point. Excite, 1997. http://home1.swipnet.se/~w-15266/cultur/fyodor/index.htm Hershman, D. Jablow Lieb, Julien, MD.. A Brotherhood of Tyrants. New York: Prometheus Books,1994 Jamison, Kay, MD.. An Unquiet Mind: A Memoir of Moods and Madness. NewYork: Random House, Incorporated, 1995 Lord, Robert. Dostoevsky: Essays andPerspectives. Berkley and Los Angeles: University Press, 1970 Murry, J. Middleton. Fyodor Dostoevsky: A Critical Study. London, 1916 Ostow, Mortimer,M.D.. The Psychology of the Melancholy. New York, Evanston, and London: Harper Row, Publishers, 1970 Wasiolek, Edward. Dostoevsky: The Major Fiction. Cambridge: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press, 1964